Coastal reservoir sites often face additional regulations compared to inland sites because they are located in sensitive and dynamic environments. In many jurisdictions, coastal zone management laws apply, which are designed to protect shorelines, wetlands, dunes, and marine ecosystems. These rules may restrict where reservoirs can be built, limit land reclamation, or require measures to prevent erosion and habitat loss.
Flooding and storm surge risks are another focus. Coastal reservoirs must meet stricter engineering and safety standards to withstand extreme weather, high tides, and sea-level rise. Regulators may require elevated designs, reinforced linings, or protective barriers to reduce the chance of saltwater intrusion and structural damage. Environmental approvals are also more complex. Projects typically undergo environmental impact assessments (EIAs) that evaluate potential effects on fisheries, bird habitats, and water quality in nearby coastal waters. Depending on the location, permits may also be needed from marine or port authorities if the reservoir is close to navigation routes.
