Algae farming can be successfully done in ponds, especially for large-scale or low-cost production. Open ponds, such as raceway ponds, are a common method for cultivating microalgae, where shallow water is continuously circulated to keep algae suspended and evenly exposed to sunlight. These systems are relatively inexpensive to build and operate compared to enclosed systems, making them ideal for growing species like spirulina and chlorella.
Ponds can be lined with materials such as RPE liners to prevent water loss and contamination from soil or unwanted organisms. Nutrient levels, pH, and water quality need to be monitored to support healthy algae growth, and proper aeration helps ensure even nutrient distribution. While outdoor ponds offer natural sunlight and space for large-scale production, they are more vulnerable to weather changes, evaporation, and contamination, requiring careful management to maintain consistent yields.
