Desalination reservoirs can become contaminated without proper protective measures. Contamination can come from several sources: animals or birds, debris and organic matter carried by wind or runoff, microbial growth such as bacteria or algae, and chemical intrusion from nearby land or industrial activities. Open or uncovered reservoirs are particularly vulnerable because they are exposed to the environment.
Water quality can also be affected if disinfectant levels drop or if circulation is inadequate, creating stagnant zones where microbes or biofilms can develop. Improper maintenance, damaged linings, or leaks can introduce contaminants from soil or groundwater. To minimize these risks, reservoirs are often lined, covered, and fenced, and inflows are screened to remove debris.
