The construction of a reservoir can significantly impact local ecosystems. It alters natural water flows, flooding areas that were once dry land, which can disrupt or inundate existing habitats. The change in water levels can lead to the loss of terrestrial vegetation and can affect aquatic ecosystems by changing water temperature and nutrient levels. Furthermore, reservoirs may fragment habitats and hinder the movement of wildlife, potentially leading to reduced genetic diversity and species displacement.
However, reservoirs can also create new aquatic habitats, support fisheries, and provide recreational opportunities, leading to a complex interplay of ecological changes. Careful planning and management are essential to minimize the negative impacts and maximize the positive outcomes for local ecosystems when creating reservoirs.
