Altered water flow patterns are the main effect of a reservoir on water downstream. By controlling the release of water, reservoirs can regulate the flow, reducing downstream flooding during heavy rainfall or snowmelt events. This flood control function is one of the primary benefits of reservoirs. However, reservoirs can also influence downstream ecosystems and water availability.
Alterations in natural water flow can disrupt aquatic habitats, impact water temperature and nutrient levels, and change sediment transport, potentially affecting downstream communities and ecosystems. Proper management of reservoir outflows is essential to balance the needs of water supply, flood control, and environmental preservation downstream while minimizing negative impacts.
