Light is crucial in algae farming because it drives photosynthesis, the process algae use to convert carbon dioxide and nutrients into energy and biomass. The amount, intensity, and quality of light directly impact growth rates, productivity, and the composition of the final product. Natural sunlight is the most cost-effective light source for outdoor systems, but light levels can vary with weather, season, and geographic location. Indoor systems rely on artificial lighting, which allows for precise control but increases energy costs.
Different algae species have varying light requirements, with some thriving under low light and others requiring high-intensity exposure. Ensuring even light distribution throughout the cultivation system is essential to prevent shading and promote uniform growth. Without sufficient light, algae growth slows or stops, reducing yields and overall system efficiency.
