Desalination storage reservoirs can have several environmental impacts, though the extent depends on their size, design, and location. One concern is land use, since reservoirs require significant space and may alter natural landscapes or disrupt existing habitats. If built in coastal areas, construction may affect wetlands, dunes, or sensitive ecosystems.
Water loss through evaporation is another impact, especially in hot and dry climates. This not only reduces efficiency but can also concentrate chemicals such as chlorine, requiring closer monitoring. In uncovered reservoirs, evaporation can contribute to localized humidity changes as well. There are also construction-related impacts, such as soil disturbance, dust, and noise during building, along with the energy and materials required to line and maintain the reservoir. If not properly managed, surface runoff can carry pollutants into nearby soil or water bodies.
