Regulations for winter manure storage and runoff control vary by state and region, but most follow the same general principles. Many areas require farms to maintain enough storage capacity to hold manure through the entire winter, since spreading on frozen or snow-covered ground is often restricted or prohibited.
Rules may also call for setbacks from waterways, protection of wellheads, and regular inspection of storage structures to prevent leaks or overflows. Some states require nutrient management plans that outline how manure will be stored, monitored, and applied once conditions improve. During winter thaws or rain-on-snow events, farms are often expected to take extra steps to prevent runoff, such as maintaining berms, ensuring adequate freeboard in lagoons, or responding quickly to signs of structural failure.
