Since you'll be feeding you and your family, it's essential to grow healthy, highly nutritiuous vegetables, that you'll actually eat. Ensuring that what you grow gets put to use, and is enjoyed, make it much more likely that you'll go back and grow more. Subsistence agriculture is usually the goal of most homesteads, which involves simply growing enough food to feed you and your family, rather than turn a profit.
Popular veggies for homesteading include leafy greens, squash, tomatoes, beans, root vegetables, or berries. What will work best for your case will be majorly decided by your environment and climate, as well as where you're planning on planting your crop.