Some of the best fish for beginner aquaponic farmers includes tilapia and koi, who are particuarly durable and easy to maintain. Tilapia are hardy fish who can handle more stress than others and adapt easily to their environment, or less than ideal water conditions. Tilapia reach maturity typically between 6 and 9 months, depending on how warm your water is, and how much you're feeding them. These are popular among farmers who want to grow and sell fish for eating, as they taste good, and grow faster than other kinds of fish. Farmers who would rather grow and nurture pretty fish that aren't meant to be eaten, also known as ornamental fish, often choose koi. These fish live for a long time, up to 35 years, and are more resistant against diseases and parasite than other kinds of fish. However, as these fish get older and bigger, they'll produce more waste, and can sometimes become cannibalistic around smaller koi.
Salmon are delicious and good for us, and are incredibly tolerant to colder water, making them very popular choices for farmers living in a colder climate. However, salmon require more food than other fish, and have a longer growth time, taking about 2 years to reach full size. They also tend to be a little more sickly than other kinds of fish, and will need to be monitored accordingly. Signs of fish disease include cloudy or swollen eyes, rapid gill movement (breathing), wounds or other discolorations, or unusual behavior like swimming oddly, or hiding. Sick fish can be caused by diseases introduced by new fish, plants, or other additions to your system. Alternatively, poor water quality or a bad diet can lead to your fish feeling elss than stellar.
